Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
http://www.humboldt-foundation.de/web/home.html
American Antiquarian Society
http://www.americanantiquarian.org/
Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Palo Alto CA
http://www.casbs.org/index.php?act=page&id=92
Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, Washington DC
http://www.nga.gov/casva/fellowships.shtm
Cullman Center for Scholars and Writers, New York Public Library
http://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl/fellowships-institutes/center-for-scholars-and-writers
Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington DC
http://www.folger.edu/Content/Collection/Research-Fellowships/
Ford Foundation Diversity Fellowships
http://www.fordfound.org/grants/fellowships/individuals
Getty Research Institute
http://www.getty.edu/research/
Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, New York Public Library
http://www.gilderlehrman.org/historians/fellowships.html
John Carter Brown Library, Providence RI
http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/John_Carter_Brown_Library/pages/fr_resfellow.html
Huntington Library, San Marino, CA
http://huntington.org/huntingtonlibrary.aspx?id=566
Kluge Center, Library of Congress, Washington DC
http://www.loc.gov/loc/kluge/
Institute for Advanced Studies, Princeton NJ
http://www.ias.edu/
National Humanities Center, Research Triangle Park NC
http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/
Newberry Library, Chicago, Illinois
http://www.newberry.org
Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Cambridge MA
http://www.radcliffe.edu/fellowships/current_fellows.aspx
Schomberg Center, New York Public Library
[for African, Afro-American, and Afro-Caribbean history and culture]
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
http://www.sloan.org/
American Council of Learned Societies
[NB in addition to Fellowships at all levels, there are specific programs for Assistant Professors, newly tenured Associate Professor and scholars working on Eastern Europe and Asia.]
http://acls.org/about/default.aspx?id=236
American Philosophical Society
http://www.amphilsoc.org/
Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation
http://hfg.org/rg/past.htm
John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
http://www.gf.org/
NEA Fellowships
http://www.nea.gov/
NEH Fellowships for Faculty at Institutions with High Hispanic Populations
http://www.neh.gov/grants/guidelines/AF_IHHE.html
NEH Fellowships
http://www.neh.gov/grants/guidelines/fellowships.html